types

include function types

• FunctionType
• BuiltInFunctionType
• LambdaType
• GeneratorType

>>> import types
>>> def fn():
...     pass
...
>>> type(fn)==types.FunctionType
True
>>> type(abs)==types.BuiltinFunctionType
True
>>> type(lambda x: x)==types.LambdaType
True
>>> type((x for x in range(10)))==types.GeneratorType
True

enum

the enum module helps to define a series of constants (as instance of class)

from enum import Enum, unique


# unique decorator help to make sure there are no duplicates
@unique
class Weekday(Enum):
    Sun = 0 # Sun is set to be 0
    Mon = 1
    Tue = 2
    Wed = 3
    Thu = 4
    Fri = 5
    Sat = 6



>>> print(Weekday.Tue)
Weekday.Tue
>>> print(Weekday['Tue'])
Weekday.Tue
>>> print(Weekday.Tue.value)
2
>>> print(Weekday(1))
Weekday.Mon
>>> Weekday(7)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  ...
ValueError: 7 is not a valid Weekday
>>> for name, member in Weekday.__members__.items():
...     print(name, '=>', member)
...
Sun => Weekday.Sun
Mon => Weekday.Mon
Tue => Weekday.Tue
Wed => Weekday.Wed
Thu => Weekday.Thu
Fri => Weekday.Fri
Sat => Weekday.Sat